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Electric DC Motor’s Excitation Mode


The performance of Electric DC motor is closely related to its excitation mode. There are usually 4 types of DC motor excitation mode which are DC motor with separate excitation, DC shunt motor, DC series motor and DC compound motor. DC motor excitation mode refers that the excitation winding and armature have no electrical contact and the excitation circuit is supplied by DC power. Therefore, the excitation current is not affected by the armature voltage or armature current. DC shunt motor refers that the circuit is in parallel, shunt. And winding voltage is the armature voltage, but the excitation winding is with thin wire and its number is a lot. So it has great resistance so that the excitation current through it is small. DC series motor refers to the current series, partial pressure. The excitation winding and armature is connected in series, so the motor’s magnetic field changes significantly as the motor armature current changes. In order to avoid the excitation windings causing loss and voltage drop, the excitation winding resistance should be as small as possible. So DC series motor is usually winded by a thicker wire and it turns less. DC compound motor refers that the motor flux generated by the excitation current in the two windings.